The Impact of Screening on Colorectal Cancer Mortality
Menée à partir de données espagnoles sur la période 2004-2024, cette étude examine l'évolution de la mortalité par cancer colorectal après la mise en place, en 2009, d'un programme de dépistage biennal par test FIT ciblant les personnes asymptomatiques âgées de 50 à 69 ans
Screening has been implemented around the world to decrease the human toll of colorectal cancer (CRC) based on the substantial burden of CRC in the absence of screening and robust evidence from randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that screening markedly decreases CRC incidence and CRC mortality. Causality cannot be proven in observational studies, but decreases in CRC mortality in populations exposed to screening strongly suggest that RCT results extend beyond the narrow setting of a controlled study. The study by Bujanda et al, spanning 2004 to 2024 in the Basque Country in Spain, strengthens the evidence that population-based screening decreases CRC mortality. The authors document substantial decreases in CRC age-standardized mortality rates (ASMRs) after the 2009 launch of a biennial fecal immunochemical test (FIT)–based screening program for individuals aged 50 to 69 years.
JAMA Network Open , éditorial en libre accès, 2026