Senescent-like neutrophils shape angiogenic immunosuppressive niches in colorectal cancer liver metastasis
Menée à l'aide de lignées cellulaires, de modèles murins et d'échantillons tissulaires provenant de patients atteints d'un cancer colorectal avec ou sans métastases hépatiques, cette étude met en évidence un mécanisme par lequel une sous-population de neutrophiles, présentant un phénotype sénescent et très fréquente dans les métastases hépatiques, favorise le développement de niches immunosuppressives et angiogènes
Neutrophils are major players in innate immune immunity. However, their landscape and functions in colorectal cancer liver metastasis (CRLM) remain poorly understood. Here, using single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial-enhanced-resolution-omics-sequencing (Stereo-seq), we provide a comprehensive transcriptional landscape of tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) in CRLM. Our analysis reveals that a terminally differentiated pro-tumor neutrophils subset (TAN1), characterized by a glycolysis signature and a senescent phenotype, is significantly enriched in liver metastasis and associated with poor prognosis. Mechanistically, TAN1 arises from other TAN subsets through the upregulation of BHLHE40, driven by glucose deprivation in the metastatic microenvironment. Functionally, TAN1 promotes angiogenesis via VEGFA and recruits immunosuppressive macrophages through potential CCL3L1-CCR1 signaling, thereby fostering an angiogenic immunosuppressive niche. As a result, neutrophil-specific knockout of Bhlhe40 in mice significantly promotes anti-tumor immunity and suppresses tumor growth. In sum, our data uncover the critical role of BHLHE40+ senescent-like neutrophils in shaping the immunosuppressive microenvironment of CRLM.
Cancer Discovery , article en libre accès, 2026