Implementation of smoking cessation interventions in real-world lung cancer screening: a RE-AIM–guided scoping review
A partir d'une revue de la littérature publiée depuis 2013 (55 études), cette étude évalue l'intégration d'interventions de sevrage tabagique au sein des programmes de dépistage du cancer du poumon puis analyse leurs caractéristiques
Although evidence-based smoking cessation interventions are widely recommended in lung cancer screening programs, real-world implementation remains poorly understood.This scoping review aimed to identify and characterize smoking cessation interventions implemented in lung cancer screening programs, guided by the RE-AIM (Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance) framework. Eligible sources described real-world (nontrial) lung cancer screening programs from 2013 onward. We searched 6 databases in February 2025 and multiple grey literature sources and categorized implementation data by RE-AIM domains in narrative form.Of 55 unique studies, most were from the United States (84%), described a wide range of behavioral support (96%) and/or pharmacological (58%) interventions, and focused primarily on individual-level outcomes across RE-AIM domains. Reflecting strong Reach, most cessation interventions offered were generally acceptable to lung cancer screening participants and providers. Opt-out referral to embedded programs showed consistently high uptake. More intensive (eg, group/multicomponent) interventions had evidence of relatively high cessation (ie, Effectiveness) outcomes. Implementation most often involved delivery of low-intensity behavioral interventions. Program-level implementation factors under the Adoption (eg, provider readiness to adopt: 7%), Implementation (time and cost: 5%), and Maintenance (sustained intervention delivery: 4%) domains were rarely reported.Future real-world studies should generate and comprehensively report implementation data across key domains, particularly program-level conditions that support sustainable, long-term integration of cessation into lung cancer screening. This is critical given that many lung cancer screening programs globally still have not implemented formal cessation supports. Strengthening the evidence base will inform scalable, context-specific approaches and maximize reach across the diverse populations and settings of jurisdictions implementing lung cancer screening.
Journal of the National Cancer Institute , article en libre accès, 2026