Low-cost thermophoretic profiling of extracellular-vesicle surface proteins for the early detection and classification of cancers
Menée in vitro et à l'aide d'échantillons sanguins prélevés sur des patients atteints d'un cancer non traité de stade I à IV, cette étude chinoise évalue la faisabilité clinique, la sensibilité et la spécificité d'une méthode peu coûteuse consistant à déterminer le profil des protéines de surface des vésicules extracellulaires à l'aide d'aptamères fluorescents et de la thermophérèse pour détecter et diagnostiquer différents types de cancers
Non-invasive assays for early cancer screening are hampered by challenges in the isolation and profiling of circulating biomarkers. Here, we show that surface proteins from serum extracellular vesicles labelled with a panel of seven fluorescent aptamers can be profiled, via thermophoretic enrichment and linear discriminant analysis, for cancer detection and classification. In a cohort of 102 patients, including 6 cancer types at stages I–IV, the assay detected stage I cancers with 95% sensitivity (95% confidence interval (CI): 74–100%) and 100% specificity (95% CI: 80–100%), and classified the cancer type with an overall accuracy of 68% (95% CI: 59–77%). For patients who underwent prostate biopsies, the assay was superior to the analysis of prostate-specific antigen levels (area under the curve: 0.94 versus 0.68; 33 patients) for the discrimination of prostate cancer and benign prostate enlargement, and also in the assessment of biochemical cancer recurrence after radical prostatectomy. The assay is inexpensive, fast, and requires small serum volumes (<1 µl), and if validated in larger cohorts may facilitate cancer screening, classification and monitoring.
Nature Biomedical Engineering , résumé, 2019