The Role of Gut Microbiota in the Perioperative Management of Gastric Cancer and Intervention Methods: A Systematic Review
A partir d'une revue de la littérature publiée jusqu'en mai 2025 (13 études, 937 patients au total), cette étude examine le rôle du microbiote intestinal dans la prise en charge périopératoire d'un cancer gastrique et identifie les méthodes d'intervention ciblant ce microbiote
Background : Perioperative management of gastric cancer faces challenges such as postoperative infections and delayed recovery. In recent years, the role of gut microbiota during the perioperative process has been explored. This review aims to elucidate the changes in gut microecology during the perioperative period of gastric cancer and their correlation with surgical outcomes, as well as toevaluate the effects of interventions, including probiotics.
Methods : This study conducted a literature search in the Embase, Scopus, PubMed, and Cochrane databases, with the search cutoff in May 2025. Inclusion criteria: English studies on intestinal microbiota detection in patients with gastric cancer during the perioperative period.
Results : Thirteen studies involving 937 patients who underwent radical gastric cancer surgery were included. After gastrectomy, the gut microbiota exhibited decreased
β diversity and reduced beneficial bacteria. These changes are closely associated with postoperative inflammatory responses and the risk of complications. 8 studies investigated interventions targeting gut microbiota, with five showing that postoperative oral probiotics can effectively restore microbiota diversity. Some probiotics may alleviate inflammation, enhance immunity, accelerate intestinal recovery, and lower postoperative complication risks. However, there remains no consensus on intervention strategies for specific gut bacterial genera.
Conclusion
:
This review provides a reference for perioperative management of gastric cancer. Future efforts should focus on strengthening mechanistic studies and developing more targeted intervention strategies to reduce perioperative risks.
European Journal of Surgical Oncology , résumé, 2025