Neoadjuvant GOLP in Resectable High-Risk Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma
Mené sur 178 patients atteints d'un cholangiocarcinome intrahépatique résécable et à haut risque de récidive (durée médiane de suivi : 16,9 mois), cet essai de phase II/III évalue l'efficacité, du point de vue de la survie sans événement, et la toxicité d'un traitement néoadjuvant de type GOLP (gemcitabine/oxaliplatine, lenvatinib et un anticorps anti-PD-1)
Background: No neoadjuvant treatment has been considered to be standard therapy for patients with resectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma with high-risk factors for recurrence. The GOLP regimen (gemcitabine–oxaliplatin, lenvatinib, and an anti–programmed death 1 antibody) has shown promising efficacy with a manageable safety profile in advanced intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and biliary tract cancer.
Methods: In a phase 2–3 trial, we randomly assigned, in a 1:1 ratio, patients with resectable high-risk intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma to the neoadjuvant group (intravenous gemcitabine–oxaliplatin plus toripalimab every 3 weeks for three cycles and oral lenvatinib once daily for 9 weeks, followed by curative resection) or the control group (curative resection and no neoadjuvant treatment). All patients received adjuvant capecitabine for eight cycles after surgery. The primary end point was event-free survival. Secondary end points included overall survival and safety.
Research Summary: Neoadjuvant GOLP in Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma
Results: A total of 178 patients underwent randomization (88 patients to the neoadjuvant group and 90 to the control group). At the interim analysis at a median follow-up of 16.9 months, the median event-free survival was significantly longer in the neoadjuvant group (18.0 months; 95% confidence interval [CI], 13.8 to 27.6) than in the control group (8.7 months; 95% CI, 7.2 to 12.4) (P<0.001). Overall survival at 24 months was 79% (95% CI, 70 to 90) in the neoadjuvant group and 61% (95% CI, 50 to 75) in the control group (hazard ratio for death, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.23 to 0.79; P=0.005, which did not meet the significance criterion [two-sided alpha, 0.0019]). Across all treatment phases, adverse events occurred in 97% of the patients in the neoadjuvant group and in 70% of those in the control group. During the neoadjuvant phase, adverse events of grade 3 or higher occurred in 28% of the patients, and treatment-related adverse events of grade 3 or higher in 26%. No treatment-related adverse event led to death.
Conclusions: Neoadjuvant GOLP led to significantly longer event-free survival than control therapy, with mainly low-grade adverse events, among patients with resectable high-risk intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. (Funded by the Clinical Research Plan of Shanghai Hospital Development Center and others; ZSAB-neoGOLP ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT04669496.)
New England Journal of Medicine , résumé, 2026