Sessile Serrated Lesion Detection Rate and Colorectal Cancer Risk and Mortality
Menée aux Etats-Unis à partir de données portant sur 328 416 coloscopies réalisées sur 226 695 patients (âge moyen : 58,6 ans ; durée de suivi : 2 038 816 personnes-années), cette étude évalue l'association entre le taux de lésions dentelées sessiles détectées à la coloscopie et le risque de cancer colorectal ou de décès
Importance : Although the adenoma detection rate is a key colonoscopy quality metric, benchmarks for serrated polyp removal, specifically the sessile serrated lesion detection rate (SSLDR), are currently lacking.
Objective : To evaluate the physician SSLDR and the risk of postcolonoscopy colorectal cancer (PCCRC) and related mortality.
Design, Setting, and Participants : This retrospective cohort study was conducted between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2021, within a large integrated health care system in Northern California and included colonoscopies performed for patients aged 18 years or older, without a diagnosis of colorectal cancer within 6 months of colonoscopy, history of colorectal cancer, or history of inflammatory bowel disease by 50 gastroenterologists. Statistical analysis was performed from January 1, 2000, to December 31, 2021.
Exposure : The primary exposure was the SSLDR, defined as the proportion of screening colonoscopies with at least 1 histologically confirmed sessile serrated adenoma or traditional serrated adenoma, categorized into quartiles.
Main Outcomes and Measures : The primary outcome was PCCRC diagnosed more than 6 months after negative colonoscopy results. Secondary outcomes included proximal or distal PCCRC, advanced stage colorectal cancer, all-cause mortality, and colorectal cancer–related mortality. Outcomes were ascertained through linked state and institutional cancer registries and vital records.
Results : Among 328 416 colonoscopies performed for 226 695 unique patients (mean [SD] age, 58.6 [10.7] years; 51.7% women), 562 PCCRC cases were identified over 2 038 816 person-years of follow-up. The absolute PCCRC incidence rate decreased with higher SSLDR quartiles, from 3.9 cases per 10 000 person-years in the lowest quartile to 2.4 cases per 10 000 person-years in the highest quartile. Compared with patients in the lowest SSLDR quartile, those in the highest SSLDR quartile had a significantly lower risk of PCCRC (multivariate hazard ratio, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.50-0.94; P = .01 for trend), primarily associated with lower risk of proximal PCCRC. A higher SSLDR was associated with lower all-cause mortality (second quartile, 57.7 deaths per 10 000 person-years; third quartile, 58.0 deaths per 10 000 person-years) and colorectal cancer–related mortality (second quartile, 0.2 deaths per 10 000 person-years; third quartile, 0.2 deaths per 10 000 person-years) in the second and third SSLDR quartiles, but the association was not significant in the highest quartile compared with the lowest quartile.
Conclusions and Relevance : In this large community-based cohort study, a higher physician SSLDR was associated with a significantly lower risk of PCCRC in a dose-dependent manner. These findings support using the SSLDR as a crucial quality metric for colonoscopy.
JAMA Network Open , article en libre accès, 2026