Gut Microbiome in Colorectal Cancer: Metagenomics from Bench to Bedside
Cet article décrit le rôle des approches métagénomiques dans la compréhension de la relation entre le microbiote intestinal et la carcinogenèse colorectale puis examine la pertinence clinique de ces approches pour diagnostiquer un cancer colorectal, établir un pronostic et personnaliser les traitements
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major global health challenge. Emerging research highlights the pivotal role of the gut microbiota in influencing CRC risk, progression, and treatment response. Metagenomic approaches, especially high-throughput shotgun sequencing, have provided unprecedented insights into the intricate connections between the gut microbiome and CRC. By enabling comprehensive taxonomic and functional profiling, metagenomics has revealed microbial signatures, activities, and biomarkers associated with colorectal tumorigenesis. Furthermore, metagenomics has shown a potential to guide patient stratification, predict treatment outcomes, and inform microbiome-targeted interventions. Despite remaining challenges in multi-omics data integration, taxonomic gaps, and validation across diverse cohorts, metagenomics has propelled our comprehension of the intricate gut microbiome-CRC interplay. This review underscores the clinical relevance of microbial signatures as potential diagnostic and prognostic tools in CRC. Furthermore, it discusses personalized treatment strategies guided by this omics' approaches.
JNCI Cancer Spectrum , article en libre accès, 2025