Development and Prospective Validation of a Cell-free DNA-based Model for the Early Detection of Pancreatic Cancer
Menée auprès de 235 témoins en bonne santé et de 232 patients atteints d'un cancer du pancréas puis à partir de données portant sur 1 926 personnes obèses avec diabète, cette étude évalue la performance d'un modèle basé sur l'ADN libre circulant pour détecter précocement un cancer du pancréas
Pancreatic cancer (PC) remains a highly lethal malignancy due to late-stage diagnosis and limited therapeutic options. This study presents the development and validation of a non-invasive circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA)-based model for early PC detection. In a case-control study comprising 232 PC patients and 235 healthy controls, the model demonstrated high diagnostic accuracy (AUC=0.9799 in training; 0.9622 in validation). A prospective cohort study involving 1,926 individuals with diabetes and obesity, established risk factors for PC, further assessed its clinical applicability. The model detected 75% of PC cases, including all Stage 0 patients, with a lead time of up to 298 days, significantly outperforming CA19-9. Additionally, it demonstrates potential for distinguishing high-risk from low-risk pancreatic cysts, thereby facilitating more precise risk stratification. This study highlights the potential of cfDNA-based screening as a scalable, non-invasive tool for early PC detection, warranting further large-scale clinical validation to enhance patient outcomes.
Cancer Discovery , résumé, 2025