Bioengineered hybrid dual-targeting nanoparticles reprogram the tumour microenvironment for deep glioblastoma photodynamic therapy
Menée à l'aide de lignées cellulaires, d'échantillons tumoraux et de modèles murins, cette étude met en évidence l'intérêt, pour augmenter l'efficacité d'un traitement combinant photothérapie dynamique et immunothérapie, de nanovésicules hybrides (obtenues par fusion de vésicules membranaires bactériennes et d'exosomes dérivés de macrophages M1) encapsulant une nanozyme et possédant à leur surface des anticorps antitumoraux sensibles au pH
Glioblastoma (GBM) poses significant therapeutic challenges due to its hypoxic and immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment (TME), low immunogenicity and physical barriers. While combining photodynamic therapy (PDT) with immunotherapy holds promise, its efficacy is hampered by insufficient immune activation. In this study, we develop a multifunctional photodynamic-enhanced biomimetic intelligent nanoplatform (FBFO@HM@aOPN) responsive to the TME. The nanoplatform consists of a dual-enzyme nanozyme encapsulated in a prokaryotic-eukaryotic hybrid membrane, further modified with a pH-sensitive tumor-targeting antibody. After systemic administration, FBFO@HM@aOPN selectively accumulates in the GBM through vascular regulation and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodelling while generating oxygen to alleviate hypoxia. Crucially, the platform concurrently induces immunogenic death in tumour cells and reprograms protumoral macrophages to antitumor phenotypes. This dual action robustly activates both innate and adaptive immunity, significantly inhibiting GBM growth. Furthermore, when combined with anti-PD1 immunotherapy, the nanoplatform dramatically boosts the treatment effect and effectively prevents postsurgical tumour recurrence. Therefore, our work offers a multimodal platform for stimulating anti-tumour immunity, with potential applicability for GBM patients.
Nature Communications , article en libre accès, 2025