T cell receptor profiling of blood to detect lung cancer
Menée à partir d'échantillons sanguins prélevés sur 511 témoins et 122 personnes participant à un dépistage du cancer du poumon, cette étude examine la possibilité d'utiliser le profil moléculaire des récepteurs TCR des lymphocytes T circulants pour détecter précocement la maladie
The blood T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire broadly reflects current and lifetime immune responses against infectious pathogens and cancer, but the circulating T cell repertoire remains a largely untapped resource for cancer biomarker studies due to repertoire complexity and limited profiling data. Here, we investigated the use of blood TCR sequencing for early detection of lung cancer. We sequenced the leukocyte fraction of peripheral blood from 633 individuals divided into a case-control (n=511) and a lung cancer screening cohort (n=122) representing over 12.6 million unique clonotypes. Based on the TCR repertoires in these individuals, we devised a Tumor Immune Lymphocyte Score (TILS) using either TCR specificity groups (TILS-A) or highly recurrent, ‘public’ TCR clonotypes (TILS-B) capable of detecting lung cancer. TILS-A consisted of 125 TCR specificity groups that outperformed the TILS-B classifier of 49 public, TCR
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-defined clonotypes for cancer detection. TILS classifiers provided predictive value after accounting for age, smoking status and nodule size in the lung cancer screening cohort and improved cancer prediction for individuals with indeterminate lung cancer risk. In the subgroup analysis, TILS-A was associated with lung cancer in both early- and late-stage disease, had improved accuracy when accounting for HLA status and was validated in an external dataset studying lung cancer initiation. Collectively, these data suggest that profiles of the circulating T cell response can provide value for lung cancer detection and supports its use as a diagnostic tool.
Cancer Immunology Research , article en libre accès, 2025