Serum lipid levels and risk of lymphoid malignancies in the UK Biobank study
Menée à partir de données de la "UK Biobank" portant sur 403 625 personnes (durée moyenne de suivi : 10,5 ans), cette étude analyse l'association entre les taux de lipides sériques (cholestérol, triglycérides, apolipoprotéines) et le risque de lymphome
Background: Abnormal circulating lipid levels have been suggested in relation to lymphoid malignancy (LM) risk.
Methods: We studied UK Biobank participants (n = 403,625) with serum data for cholesterol (total [TC], high-density lipoprotein [HDL], direct low-density lipoprotein [LDL]), triglycerides (TG), and apolipoproteins A1 and B (ApoA1, ApoB). We conducted principal component (PC) analysis and multivariate Cox regression models to estimate hazard ratio (HR) overall, by lipid-lowering drug use and follow-up interval.
Results: During an average of 10.5 years of follow-up, 3006 incident LMs occurred (including 667 multiple myelomas [MM], 2193 non-Hodgkin lymphomas [NHL]). Among medication non-users, most lipid levels were inversely associated with risk of most endpoints (HRQ4vsQ1range: 0.37 to 0.79), especially closer to diagnosis. In contrast LDL/HDL ratio and PC1 (highly loaded in LDL and ApoB) were consistently positively associated with chronic/small lymphocytic leukaemia risk in each follow-up period and with NHL and B-cell NHL risk within 5 years. Further, LD, ApoB and TG levels were positively associated with MM risk after 10+ years (HR1-SDrange = 1.26 to 1.60).
Conclusion: Lipid depletion closer to LM diagnosis might reflect cancer cell metabolism and warrants further work examining individuals with precursor conditions. The MM-specific long-term risk might reflect the known MM-obesity association.
British Journal of Cancer , résumé, 2025