A nanovaccine targeting cancer stem cells and bulk cancer cells for postoperative cancer immunotherapy
Menée à l'aide de lignées cellulaires et de modèles murins, cette étude met en évidence l'intérêt d'un nanovaccin capable d'éradiquer simultanément les cellules souches cancéreuses et les cellules de la masse tumorale
Residual cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) can cause tumour recurrence within a narrow margin around the initial tumour resection lesion, increasing the risk of post-surgical relapse and incurability. Currently, there are no efficient strategies for tracking and eradicating CSCs. Here we propose a nanovaccine strategy, called NICER, based on a nanovesicle system integrating CSC-specific antigen display and epigenetic nano-regulator encapsulation with a dendritic-cell-targeting aptamer, to simultaneously eradicate CSCs and bulk tumour cells. Specifically, nanovesicles derived from aldehyde-dehydrogenase-overexpressing tumours could serve as integrated antigens carrying both CSC-specific antigen and tumour-associated antigen. Epigenetic nano-regulator targeting YTH N6-methyladenosine RNA binding protein 1 could restrict dendritic cell lysosomal protease activity to modulate the effective cross-presentation of integrated antigens via major histocompatibility complex class I for immune responses. Overall, NICER represents a broad-spectrum vaccine approach against both CSCs and bulk tumours that can significantly inhibit postoperative cancer recurrence and metastasis, prolonging survival rates.
Nature Nanotechnology , résumé, 2025