Investigation of urinary volatile organic compounds as novel diagnostic and surveillance biomarkers of bladder cancer
Menée à partir d'échantillons urinaires prélevés sur des patients atteints d'un cancer urothélial de la vessie et sur des patients ayant bénéficié d'une cytoscopie en raison de la présence d'une hématurie (âge médian : 70 ans ; 66 % d'hommes), cette étude identifie un panel de composés organiques volatils pour diagnostiquer un cancer de la vessie et suivre l'évolution de la maladie
Background : The diagnosis and surveillance of urothelial bladder cancer (UBC) require cystoscopy. There is a need for biomarkers to reduce the frequency of cystoscopy in surveillance; urinary volatile organic compound (VOC) analysis could fulfil this role. This cross-sectional study compared the VOC profiles of patients with and without UBC, to investigate metabolomic signatures as biomarkers.
Methods : Urine samples were collected from haematuria clinic patients undergoing diagnostic cystoscopy and UBC patients undergoing surveillance. Urinary headspace sampling utilised solid-phase microextraction and VOC analysis applied gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; the output underwent metabolomic analysis.
Results : The median participant age was 70 years, 66.2% were male. Of the haematuria patients, 21 had a new UBC diagnosis, 125 had no cancer. In the surveillance group, 75 had recurrent UBC, 84 were recurrence-free. A distinctive VOC profile was observed in UBC patients compared with controls. Ten VOCs had statistically significant abundances useful to classify patients (false discovery rate range 1.9 × 10−7–2.8 × 10−2). Two prediction models were evaluated using internal validation. An eight-VOC diagnostic biomarker panel achieved AUROC 0.77 (sensitivity 0.71, specificity 0.72). A six-VOC surveillance biomarker panel obtained AUROC 0.80 (sensitivity 0.71 and specificity 0.80).
Conclusions : Urinary VOC analysis could aid the diagnosis and surveillance of UBC.
British Journal of Cancer , article en libre accès, 2022