Biological aging measures based on blood DNA methylation and risk of cancer: a prospective study
Menée à partir d'échantillons d'ADN extraits du sang périphérique de 41 513 adultes âgés de 27 à 76 ans, cette étude évalue l'association entre trois biomarqueurs de l'âge biologique, basés sur le niveau de méthylation de l'ADN, et le risque de développer un cancer (3 117 cas)
We previously investigated the association between five ‘first-generation’ measures of epigenetic aging and cancer risk in the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study. The present study assessed cancer risk associations for three recently developed methylation-based biomarkers of aging: PhenoAge, GrimAge, and predicted telomere length.We estimated rate ratios (RRs) for the association between these three age-adjusted measures and risk of colorectal (N = 813), gastric (N = 165), kidney (N = 139), lung (N = 327), mature B-cell (N = 423), prostate (N = 846) and urothelial (N = 404) cancer, using conditional logistic regression models. We also assessed associations by time since blood draw and by cancer subtype, and investigated potential non-linearity.We observed relatively strong associations of age-adjusted PhenoAge with risk of colorectal, kidney, lung, mature B-cell, and urothelial cancers (RR per standard deviation [SD]was approximately 1.2–1.3). Similar findings were obtained for age-adjusted GrimAge, but the association with lung cancer risk was much larger after adjustment for smoking status, pack-years, starting age, time since quitting and other cancer risk factors (RR per SD = 1.82, 95%CI = 1.44–2.30). Most associations appeared linear, larger than for the first-generation measures, and were virtually unchanged after adjustment for a large set of sociodemographic, lifestyle and anthropometric variables. For cancer overall, the comprehensively-adjusted RR per SD was 1.13 (95%CI = 1.07–1.19) for PhenoAge and 1.12 (95%CI = 1.05–1.20) for GrimAge, and appeared larger within 5 years of blood draw (RR = 1.29, 95%CI = 1.15–1.44 and 1.19, 95%CI = 1.06–1.33, respectively).The methylation-based measures PhenoAge and GrimAge may provide insights into the relationship between biological aging and cancer and be useful to predict cancer risk, particularly for lung cancer.
JNCI Cancer Spectrum , article en libre accès, 2019