International trends in the incidence of cancer among adolescents and young adults
Menée dans 41 pays sur la période 1998-2012, cette étude internationale analyse l'évolution de l'incidence des cancers chez les adolescents et jeunes adultes
Background : Although adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancers represent a unique spectrum of malignancies, epidemiologic studies of cancer incidence often group AYAs together with younger or older populations, obscuring patterns specific to this population.
Methods : We examined AYA cancer incidence trends in 41 countries over a 15-year period using the CI5plus database. Truncated age-standardized incidence rates were calculated and the annual percentage change (APC) was assessed, with statistical significance corresponding to a 95%CI that does not include zero.
Results : From 1998-2012, the 41 included countries contributed a total of 1,846,588 cancer cases and 3.1 billion person-years among AYAs. While statistically significant increases in the cancer burden overall were observed in 23 countries, the magnitude varied considerably with the greatest rise in incidence observed in South Korea (APC2002-2012=8.5%,95%CI=7.6%-9.4%) due to thyroid cancer. Notable trends included sharp increases in the incidence of obesity-related malignancies among AYAs; indeed, statistically significant increases were observed among AYAs for 10/11 and 9/11 obesity-related cancer sites in the US and UK respectively, with at least five obesity-related cancers statistically significantly increasing in Canada, Japan, South Korea, Australia, and the Netherlands. Other striking trends were noted for thyroid and testicular cancer, with statistically significantly increasing rates observed in 33 and 22 countries respectively, while statistically significant declines in incidence were observed for smoking-related cancers, cervical cancer, and Kaposi sarcoma in many countries.
Conclusions : Our results highlight the future healthcare needs related to treatment, as well as the urgency for public health initiatives that can mitigate the increasing burden of cancer in AYAs.
Journal of the National Cancer Institute , résumé, 2019