Comparative validation of breast cancer risk prediction models and projections for future risk stratification
Menée à partir de données portant sur une cohorte de 64 874 femmes de type caucasien, non hispaniques et âgées de 35 à 74 ans, cette étude évalue, par rapport à deux modèles prédictifs de réference, la performance de deux modèles récents incorporant des facteurs de risque classiques pour prédire le risque de développer un cancer du sein, puis effectue des projections à l'aide de ces modèles
Background : External validation of risk models is critical for risk stratified breast cancer prevention. We used the Individualized Coherent Absolute Risk Estimation (iCARE) as a flexible tool for risk model development, comparative model validation, and to make projections for population risk stratification.
Methods : Performance of two recently developed models, iCARE-BPC3 and iCARE-Lit, were compared with two established models (BCRAT, IBIS) based on classical risk factors in a UK-based cohort of 64,874 White non-Hispanic women (863 cases) aged 35-74 years. Risk projections in a target population of US White non-Hispanic women aged 50-70 years assessed potential improvements in risk stratification by adding mammographic breast density (MD) and polygenic risk score (PRS).
Results : The best calibrated models were iCARE-Lit (expected to observed number of cases (E/O)=0.98 (95% confidence interval [CI]=0.87 to 1.11)) for women younger than 50 years; and iCARE-BPC3 (E/O=1.00 (0.93 to 1.09)) for women 50 years or older. Risk projections using iCARE-BPC3 indicated classical risk factors can identify about 500,000 women at moderate to high risk (>3% five-year risk) in the target population. Addition of MD and a 313-variant PRS is expected to increase this to approximately 3.5 million, and among them, approximately 153,000 invasive breast cancer cases are expected within five years.
Conclusions : iCARE models based on classical risk factors perform similarly or better than BCRAT or IBIS in White non-Hispanic women. Addition of MD and PRS can lead to substantial improvements in risk stratification. However, these integrated models require independent prospective validation before broad clinical applications.
Journal of the National Cancer Institute , article en libre accès, 2018