Surveillance of hepatocellular carcinoma by magnetic resonance imaging with liver-specific contrast
Menée auprès de 407 patients atteints d'une cirrhose et présentant un risque élevé de carcinome hépatocellulaire, cette étude compare, du point de vue du taux de détection de carcinomes hépatocellulaires et du taux de résultats faussement positifs, la performance de deux stratégies de surveillance médicale : l'une par échographie et l'autre par IRM avec agent de contraste hépato-spécifique
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide.1 The prognosis of HCC is generally poor, largely depending on the tumor stage, the severity of underlying liver disease, and treatment modalities. According to current HCC management guidelines, curative therapies (including liver transplantation, surgical resection, and local ablation) are considered for patients with small and limited numbers of HCCs with good liver reserve (Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stages 0 and A). The 5-year survival rate can be up to 70% in patients with HCC receiving curative therapy; however, the median survival is less than 3 months for those with advanced disease (Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage D).2 Therefore, much effort should be invested in preventing progression to end-stage liver disease3,4 and identifying HCCs in high-risk patients as early as possible.5
JAMA Oncology , éditorial, 2015