Prediagnostic circulating markers of inflammation and risk of prostate cancer
Menée sur 203 patients atteints d'un cancer de la prostate et inclus dans une cohorte de 2 571 hommes (durée moyenne de suivi : 24 ans), cette étude prospective finlandaise évalue l'association entre les niveaux avant diagnostic de trois marqueurs circulants de l'inflammation (protéine c-réactive, fibrinogène, leucocytes) et le risque de développer la maladie
Accruing evidence suggests that inflammation plays a role in prostate carcinogenesis. However, studies evaluating this association using C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 as markers of inflammation have reported conflicting results. We investigated the associations of three common markers of inflammation (CRP, fibrinogen and leukocyte count) with the risk of prostate cancer in a prospective cohort of 2,571 men from Finland. During an average follow-up period of 24 years (21–26 years), 203 men from the cohort who developed prostate cancer were identified via linkage to the nationwide Finnish Cancer Registry. We investigated the associations between the markers and the risk of prostate cancer using Cox proportional hazards model, adjusting for potential confounders. Elevated prediagnostic leukocyte count was associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer. In multivariable adjusted model, the relative risk of prostate cancer among men in the highest tertile of leukocyte count compared to men in the lowest tertile was 1.60 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.10–2.29, p-trend = 0.01). Circulating CRP and fibrinogen were not associated with increased risk. The corresponding relative risks for elevated CRP and fibrinogen concentrations were 1.08 (95% CI: 0.74–1.60, p-trend = 0.56) and 1.25 (95% CI: 0.87–1.81, p-trend = 0.14), respectively. Men with elevated leukocyte counts had a 2.57-fold (95% CI: 0.99–6.79) increased risk of prostate cancer mortality. The increased risk associated with elevated leukocyte counts warrants confirmation in other studies. Larger studies should consider combining at least two markers or using an inflammation score derived from many inflammatory markers to evaluate prostate cancer risk.
International Journal of Cancer , résumé, 2012